“The effects of health coaching on adult patients with chronic diseases: a systematic review” by Kirsi Kivelä, Satu Elo, Helvi Kyngäs, & Maria Kääriäinen. (2014) Patient Education and Counseling, 97(2), 147-157.
Summary
Does health and wellness coaching have a positive impact on adult patients with chronic diseases? If so, what are the effects, and what are the implications for health and wellness coaches?
This meta-analysis understands health and wellness coaching as directed toward behavior change and the achievement of health related goals. It started with 1,267 potentially relevant studies published between 2009 and 2013; thirteen studies were selected, and eleven of the thirteen showed statistically significant improvements in physiological, behavioral, psychological and social outcomes of people with chronic disease, including chronic disease management.
Specifically, statistically significant results revealed better weight management, increased physical activity and improved physical and mental health status. Conclusions: Health coaching improves the management of chronic diseases. The selection of only 13 of 1,267 studies suggests that further research is needed, particularly in the areas of the cost-effectiveness of health coaching and its long-term effectiveness for chronic diseases.
Takeaways for practice:
- Coaches can make an evidence-based case for the benefits of health and wellness coaching to clients and to healthcare organizations who might provide partnership or referral.
- Improvements were most evident for people with diabetes or overweight status, and in the area of increasing physical activity and improving self-efficacy and physical and mental health. Coaches can use this information to shape their practice content and approach.
- Both face-to-face and telephone based coaching proved to be effective, particularly in combination. Coaches can use this set of conclusions to expand their client base, coaching reach, and potentially coaching efficiency.
- The effects were most robust with coaching sessions that lasted for six to eight months. This conclusion helps coaches communicate to clients in the interests of achieving sustained outcomes.
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